好動是孩子的天性,戶外體育運(yùn)動是孩子最喜歡的活動,教師應(yīng)以各種形式組織多種多樣的戶外體育活動,以增強(qiáng)幼兒體質(zhì),促進(jìn)其身心健康發(fā)展。但在戶外體育活動中,又存在很多的不安全因素,《幼兒園教育指導(dǎo)綱要》中就指出:"教師應(yīng)該把保護(hù)幼兒的生命和促進(jìn)幼兒的健康放在工作的首要位置",那么,教師在組織戶外體育活動時(shí),怎樣排減運(yùn)動中隱藏的不安全因素?要從哪些方面引起注意呢?通過對教師們組織的體育活動的觀察及自己多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),我認(rèn)為應(yīng)從以下幾個(gè)方面考慮:

　　Is the child of nature, is children's favorite outdoor sports activities, teachers should be organized in various forms a variety of outdoor sports activities, to improve preschool physical fitness, promote the development of their physical and mental health. But in outdoor sports activities, and there are many unsafe factors, "the kindergarten education guidelines," pointed out: "teachers should put the protecting children's life and promoting health in young children in the first place", so that teachers in organized outdoor sports activities, how to reducing hidden insecurity factors in the movement? Want to attract attention from what aspects? Through the observation of the sports activities organized by the teachers and their teaching experience for many years, I think we should consider the following several aspects:

　　一、活動內(nèi)容。

　　One, the activity content.

　　《綱要》中指出:"體育活動要尊重幼兒身體生長發(fā)育的規(guī)律和年齡特征,不進(jìn)行不適合幼兒的體育活動項(xiàng)目訓(xùn)練"。 教師選擇活動教材時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)幼兒年齡特點(diǎn),估計(jì)幼兒活動能力,因地制宜,合理地設(shè)計(jì)活動內(nèi)容。比如像小班的孩子,在跑、跳及運(yùn)動器械的運(yùn)用等方面還缺乏一定的能力,在設(shè)計(jì)活動的時(shí)候應(yīng)該多考慮慢走、爬、鉆等適合小班幼兒年齡特點(diǎn)的活動內(nèi)容,主要以游戲的形式來完成,以免運(yùn)動量過大或超負(fù)荷等給孩子帶來的運(yùn)動損傷及心理負(fù)擔(dān)。

　　The outline points out: "physical activity to respect law and age characteristics of children's physical growth and development, is not is not suitable for young children's sports activities project training". Choice activity teaching material, teachers should according to children's age characteristic, estimate children's activity, adjust measures to local conditions, reasonable design activities. Like a small child, in the aspects such as running, jumping and the use of the sports equipment is also a lack of certain ability, at the time of design activities should consider more walking, climbing, drilling and other activities for small children age characteristics, mainly in the form of game to complete, so as not to overdo it or overload, sports injury and psychological burden for children.

　　二、活動場地、體育器材。

　　Two, activity venues, sports equipment.

　　在每一個(gè)體育活動前,老師都要根據(jù)活動內(nèi)容,選擇活動器材、布置活動場地。選擇活動器材、布置活動場地最關(guān)鍵的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)就是要檢查場地和器材的安全性,如果場地不平整或過于狹窄都會給孩子的活動帶來不便和危險(xiǎn),而在活動之前要檢查器材是否有損壞、礦車邊緣輪廓是否鋒利等,投擲方面的活動要合理安排好投擲方向、距離及組織好孩子的活動秩序,以免投擲物給孩子帶來不必要的傷害。

　　Before every sports activities, the teacher should be according to the content, equipment, decorate venues to choose activities. Equipment selection activities, decorate venues to one of the key link is to check the venue and equipment security, if the ground not level off or too narrow can inconvenience and danger to the child's activities, and before the activity to check whether equipment whether there is damage, edge contour sharp, such as throwing the activity to reasonable arrangement good throwing direction, distance and organize activities of children's order, so as to avoid throwing things to the child cause unnecessary damage.

　　三、著裝。

　　Third, dress.

　　幼兒著裝也是體育活動中一個(gè)很關(guān)鍵而教師最容忽視的問題。在每一個(gè)體育活動前,教師都應(yīng)該檢查孩子的著裝情況,如鞋帶系好沒有,有沒有鞋子穿反的現(xiàn)象,衣服是否穿得過厚過緊,鈕扣是否扣上等,別看這都是些很小的問題,卻會給孩子的安全帶來很大的威脅,如奔跑的中的孩子一旦踩著散開的鞋帶就可能摔倒;衣服過厚會使孩子在運(yùn)動中感到笨重、玻纖土工格柵不靈活,活動過后因出汗太多而導(dǎo)致感冒;衣服太緊會放不開活動乃至拉傷肌肉等。因此,在體育活動前,教師要不怕麻煩,認(rèn)真的檢查孩子的著裝情況,而且不僅是孩子著裝要便于運(yùn)動,老師也要帶好頭,穿便于運(yùn)動的服裝,這樣,在示范時(shí)才能正確的展示動作要領(lǐng),或免去高跟鞋給孩子帶來的危險(xiǎn)。