摘 要本論文主要淺析幼兒教育中游戲的價(jià)值及應(yīng)用,全文主要通過(guò)以下幾個(gè)方面來(lái)闡述:一、首先介紹了關(guān)于幼兒教育和游戲的概念界定;二、根據(jù)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查、查閱文獻(xiàn)、見(jiàn)習(xí)觀察解析游戲在幼兒教育應(yīng)用中面臨的問(wèn)題;三、具體闡述了幼兒教育中游戲的價(jià)值體現(xiàn)包括從幼兒的生理和心理方面、認(rèn)知方面、情感方面及社會(huì)能力方面、以及教學(xué)質(zhì)量方面等;四、闡述幼兒教育中游戲的應(yīng)用策略包括幼兒教育理念中游戲的應(yīng)用和幼兒教育實(shí)踐中游戲的應(yīng)用兩方面。在整個(gè)論文中列舉了游戲的案例,運(yùn)用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法、觀察法和文獻(xiàn)法,增強(qiáng)了文章的說(shuō)服力;五、總結(jié)一句話就是游戲?qū)τ變航逃泻艽蟮膬r(jià)值,合理的游戲形式在幼兒教育中起著很大的作用,幼兒教育中游戲的應(yīng)用對(duì)提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量和促進(jìn)幼兒發(fā)展方面有重大的影響。
關(guān)鍵字:幼兒教育;游戲;價(jià)值;應(yīng)用AbstractIn the present paper main brief analysis pre-school education plays the value and the application, the full text mainly elaborated through following several aspects First, first introduced about the pre-school education and the game concept limits; Second, the basis questionnaire survey, the consult literature, the application observation analysis game the question which faces in the pre-school education application; Third, elaborated specifically in the pre-school education plays the value manifests including from baby's physiology and the psychological aspect, the cognition aspect, the emotion aspect and the social ability aspect, as well as the quality of teaching aspect and so on; Fourth, elaborated in the pre-school education plays the application two aspects which including the pre-school education idea in the application strategy which plays in the application and the pre-school education practice plays .Has enumerated the game case in the entire paper, the utilization questionnaire survey procedure, the method of inspection and the literature law, strengthened the article persuasive power, Fifth, summarizes a speech is the game has the very great value to the pre-school education, the reasonable game form plays the very major role in the pre-school education, the application which in the pre-school education plays to is improving the quality of teaching and promotes the baby to develop the aspect to have the significant influence.
Keywords: early childhood education; games; value; application
前 言近年來(lái),幼兒教育已成為目前社會(huì)各界特別是教育界的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,人們正在積極探索幼兒教育的發(fā)展途徑!队變簣@工作規(guī)程》中也明確指出:幼兒園"以游戲?yàn)榛净顒?dòng),寓教育于各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)之中","游戲是對(duì)幼兒進(jìn)行全面發(fā)展教育的重要形式"。從當(dāng)前幼兒教育改革的現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)來(lái)看,進(jìn)一步深化幼教改革,使幼兒在游戲中得到健康成長(zhǎng)關(guān)鍵在于幼兒教育中游戲如何進(jìn)行有效的應(yīng)用。讓每一個(gè)孩子有幸?鞓(lè)的童年,使幼兒通過(guò)游戲,來(lái)獲得身心全面和諧的發(fā)展,是擺在每一個(gè)幼兒教育工作者面前的一項(xiàng)重要任務(wù)。
著名的教育家陳鶴琴先生提出的第一個(gè)兒童心理特點(diǎn)便是:"小孩子是好游戲的,以游戲?yàn)樯摹?quot;游戲作為幼兒園的重要教育手段,在幼兒教育中存在著諸多的積極作用。華愛(ài)華在《幼兒游戲理論》中詳細(xì)論述了游戲?qū)Υ龠M(jìn)幼兒發(fā)展的價(jià)值。他認(rèn)為游戲?qū)崿F(xiàn)了幼兒運(yùn)動(dòng)能力的發(fā)展;促進(jìn)了幼兒的感知能力、思維能力、語(yǔ)言能力、想象力的提高;游戲促進(jìn)了幼兒的社會(huì)交往,提供了幼兒社會(huì)實(shí)踐的機(jī)會(huì);游戲使幼兒經(jīng)常體驗(yàn)積極的情感,幫助幼兒控制情感的沖動(dòng)性,實(shí)現(xiàn)幼兒情感的發(fā)展。游戲是幼兒教育的重要手段,本文提出游戲在幼兒教育中的應(yīng)用策略對(duì)幼兒教師開(kāi)展游戲活動(dòng)具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
本論文是站在游戲?qū)τ谟變撼砷L(zhǎng)的角度,著眼于游戲在幼兒教育中的價(jià)值體現(xiàn)及正確應(yīng)用,圍繞游戲?qū)τ谟變焊鞣矫娉砷L(zhǎng)的重要影響及游戲與幼兒教育之間的聯(lián)系。在文章中列舉很多相關(guān)的案例,運(yùn)用理論研究法、文獻(xiàn)法、觀察法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法,準(zhǔn)確把握游戲在幼兒教育應(yīng)用中面臨的問(wèn)題,從而提出幼兒教育中游戲的應(yīng)用策略。
一、幼兒教育和游戲的概念界定(一)幼兒教育的概念幼兒教育主要指的是對(duì)3~6歲年齡階段的幼兒所實(shí)施的教育。幼兒教育也有廣義和狹義之分,從廣義上說(shuō),凡是能夠影響幼兒身體成長(zhǎng)和認(rèn)知、情感、性格等方面發(fā)展的有目的的活動(dòng),如幼兒在成人的指導(dǎo)下看電視、做家務(wù)、參加社會(huì)活動(dòng),等等,都可說(shuō)是幼兒教育。而狹義的幼兒教育則特指幼兒園和其他專門開(kāi)設(shè)的幼兒教育機(jī)構(gòu)的教育。
幼兒教育的性質(zhì),可以認(rèn)為它是為社會(huì)主義建設(shè)服務(wù)的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)。既要為家長(zhǎng)服務(wù),又要為社會(huì)主義培養(yǎng)未來(lái)接班人服務(wù)。幼兒教育的社會(huì)功能既是婦女解放的必要措施,又是培養(yǎng)人才的基礎(chǔ)教育,同時(shí)又是促進(jìn)社會(huì)主義精神文明,實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃生育國(guó)策的重要。